View abstract. The review went on to say that silymarin may be linked to lower rates of mortality in patients with cirrhosis and liver disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018;97(37):e12243. View abstract. The best doses of milk thistle have not been established for any condition it may be used to treat. Free shipping for many products! Phytother Res. Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women's Health. View abstract. Randomized controlled trial of silymarin treatment in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Early research shows that taking milk thistle extract by mouth for up to one year, or taking a product containing the milk thistle constituent silybin plus phosphatidylcholine by mouth for 1 week, improves liver function tests. Suzanne Fisher, RD, founder of Fisher Nutrition Systems, has been a board-certified registered dietitian and licensed nutritionist for over 30 years. Silymarin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. While taking milk thistle doesn't seem to improve the overall severity of NASH, it may reduce scarring of the liver. Yogurt. 1994;32(11):614-617. doi:10.1097/CAD.0000000000000211. View abstract. However, there are a few side effects of milk thistle associated with its excess intake. IBM Micromedex. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin 1998;74:577-584. 2015 Jun;41(6):540-6. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022;2022:9199190. 4-16-1997;89(8):556-566. Era of Hope Mtg, Dept Defense; Breast Cancer Res Prog, Atlanta, GA 2000;Jun 8-11. View abstract. Evaluation of the galactogogue effect of silymarin on mothers of preterm newborns (<32 weeks). For ongoing use and liver support, take 50 to 150 milligrams daily. PLoS One. View abstract. Moosavifar, N., Mohammadpour, A. H., Jallali, M., Karimiz, G., and Saberi, H. Evaluation of effect of silymarin on granulosa cell apoptosis and follicular development in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization. Magliulo, E., Gagliardi, B., and Fiori, G. P. [Results of a double blind study on the effect of silymarin in the treatment of acute viral hepatitis, carried out at two medical centres (author's transl)]. Since milk thistle may lower blood sugar, people with diabetes should check with their doctor before taking the herb as it may make their blood sugar fall too low. Human, test-tube and animal studies show that it may help promote liver health, protect against cancer, lower cholesterol levels, prevent type 2 diabetes, protect against gallstones and slow signs of aging. Silybin combined with phosphatidylcholine and vitamin E in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial. Early research shows that taking milk thistle extract beginning 24-48 hours before starting therapy with cisplatin, and continuing until the end of the treatment course, does not prevent or decrease the rates of kidney injury. Summary, Evidence Report/Technology Assessment: Number 21, September 2000. The effects of Silymarin on the features of cardiometabolic syndrome in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2023;89(4):1329-1337. Eksp.Klin Farmakol. View abstract. Lahiri-Chatterjee, M., Katiyar, S. K., Mohan, R. R., and Agarwal, R. A flavonoid antioxidant, silymarin, affords exceptionally high protection against tumor promotion in the SENCAR mouse skin tumorigenesis model. 2015;26(5):475486. View abstract. 2010 Mar; 332(3): 10811087. Int.J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1992;30(4):134-138. Pharm.Res 1991;8(2):273-277. J Hepatol. 2021;14(11):1445-53. 2018;8:65-74. 2015;22(2):290-6. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2014.12.010. Comp Biochem Physiol C.Pharmacol Toxicol.Endocrinol. Milk thistle may cause an allergic reaction in those with allergies to plants in the same family, like ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold, and daisy. View abstract. 2015 Jun 28;7(12):1723-4. View abstract. Benefit of medicinal liver therapy in general practice. Eur Endocrinol. If you purchase or grow a milk thistle plant, cut off the entire head and hang the plant upside down for about one week to draw out the seeds. [Effect of Silybum marianum oil and legalon on lipid peroxidation and liver antioxidant systems in rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride]. View abstract. Silymarin suppresses TNF-induced activation of NF-kappa B, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and apoptosis. Toxicol In Vitro 2011;25:21-7. View abstract. It is also unknown whether milk thistle is safe for children. Manna SK, Mukhopadhyay A, Van NT, Aggarwal BB. Most experts recommend that people with NAFLD lose weight to reduce fat build-up in the liver and lower their cholesterol to reduce the risk of heart disease. Eksp.Klin.Gastroenterol. View abstract. Although more formal research is still needed, preliminary studies show that when silymarin is used in combination with other traditional treatment methods, it can improve levels of total cholesterol, bad LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. View abstract. View abstract. Short term treatment of type II hyperlipoproteinaemia with silymarin. Taking milk thistle might decrease how well the liver breaks down sirolimus. View abstract. Phytother Res. Grant JE and Odlaug BL. Neoplasma. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. This herb contains active compounds called silymarin and silybin that the "Physicians' Desk Reference for Herbal Medicines" describes as hepatoprotective, meaning they protect the liver by blocking toxin-binding receptor sites in the cells of the organ's outer membrane 2.A review published in the "World Journal of Gastroenterology" in May 2011 finds that both silymarin . Report of a controlled trial (author's transl)]. Wagoner, J., Morishima, C., Graf, T. N., Oberlies, N. H., Teissier, E., Pecheur, E. I., Tavis, J. E., and Polyak, S. J. An analysis of silybin meglumine tablets in the treatment of drug-induced liver injury as assessed for causality with the updated Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method using a nationwide database. Reutter, F. W. and Haase, W. [Clinical experience with silymarin in the treatment of chronic liver disease(author's transl)]. The expression and clinical significance of pSTAT3, VEGF and VEGF-C in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. View abstract. Sonnenbichler, J., Goldberg, M., Hane, L., Madubunyi, I., Vogl, S., and Zetl, I. Stimulatory effect of Silibinin on the DNA synthesis in partially hepatectomized rat livers: non-response in hepatoma and other malign cell lines. Zi, X., Mukhtar, H., and Agarwal, R. Novel cancer chemopreventive effects of a flavonoid antioxidant silymarin: inhibition of mRNA expression of an endogenous tumor promoter TNF alpha. Phytomedicine 2013;21:75-81. Tiwari, P., Kumar, A., Balakrishnan, S., Kushwaha, H. S., and Mishra, K. P. Silibinin-induced apoptosis in MCF7 and T47D human breast carcinoma cells involves caspase-8 activation and mitochondrial pathway. The Effect of Oral Administration of Silymarin on Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-a and Interleukin-1 in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Glutathiones biggest role is to help fight oxidative stress that leads to such diseases as cancer, diabetes, heart disease and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimers disease. Wattanakrai P, Nimmannitya K. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Split-Face Study of Topical Silymarin vs 2% Hydroquinone Cream in Melasmas. Salmi HA, Sarna S. Effect of silymarin on chemical, functional, and morphological alterations of the liver. Cancer Treat Rev. Keep the seeds and leaves in the freezer to make them last longer and retain their powerful nutrients. The effects of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) on human cytochrome P450 activity. Treatment of functional dyspepsia with a herbal preparation. 2015;35(3):340-2. I pray it helps! WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2019;69(11):630-638. 2009;8(1):2-10. Schroder, F. H., Roobol, M. J., Boeve, E. R., de Mutsert, R., Zuijdgeest-van Leeuwen, S. D., Kersten, I., Wildhagen, M. F., and van Helvoort, A. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study in men with prostate cancer and rising PSA: effectiveness of a dietary supplement. Wallace, S., Vaughn, K., Stewart, B. W., Viswanathan, T., Clausen, E., Nagarajan, S., and Carrier, D. J. Milk thistle may interact with certain medications and supplements. Despite some anticancer effects observed in the laboratory, milk thistle supplementation has not been shown to alter the development or progression of cancer in human populations. The condition of our blood throughout our whole body is mostly reliant on the health of our liver. Effect of Silymarin Administration on Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity: Report from A Pilot, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. People with diabetes often have high cholesterol. It also seems to have blood sugar-lowering, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Moayedi B, Gharagozloo M, Esmaeil N, et al. Life Sci 1996;58(18):1591-1600. Scand J Gastroenterol 1982;17:517-21. View abstract. You'll soon start receiving the latest Mayo Clinic health information you requested in your inbox. Early research shows that taking a specific milk thistle product containing the chemical silibinin beginning at the start of chemotherapy treatment does not significantly reduce liver toxicity caused by chemotherapy. Research on the effects of milk thistle in people with hepatitis B is not consistent. Contraindications Liver damage caused by low oxygen levels. Hepatology. An in vitro evaluation of human cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibition by selected commercial herbal extracts and tinctures. Feng N, Luo J, Guo X. Silybin suppresses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Saberi Z, Gorji N, Memariani Z, Moeini R, Shirafkan H, Amiri M. Evaluation of the effect of Silybum marianum extract on menopausal symptoms: A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Silymarin administration during pregnancy and breastfeeding: evaluation of initial development and adult behavior of mice. Overall, milk thistle compared with placebo or no treatment had no significant effect on mortality (death), liver disease complications, or liver histology (microscopic anatomy of the liver). It also has estrogenic effects, meaning that it mimics the effects of estrogen in the body. In studies, S. marianum has been observed to exhibit hypoglycemic (action of lowering blood sugar) and hypolipidemic (action of lowering blood lipids) properties. 2.2 pounds). Milk Thistle Has Anti-Aging Properties. Her work is regularly featured in media such as First For Women, Woman's World, and Natural Health. Am J Gastroenterol. Bode, J. C., Schmidt, U., and Durr, H. K. [Silymarin for the treatment of acute viral hepatitis? Carducci, R., Armellino, M. F., Volpe, C., Basile, G., Caso, N., Apicella, A., and Basile, V. [Silibinin and acute poisoning with Amanita phalloides]. Dermatol Ther. Study on dose-linearity of the pharmacokinetics of silibinin diastereomers using a new stereospecific assay. This copyrighted material is provided by Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Consumer Version. Sonnenbichler J and Zetl I. I. Biliary and renal elimination after a single oral dose]. Silybum marianum (milk thistle). View abstract. Other studies looking at milk thistle for cirrhosis have found conflicting results. 2012;55(6):2005-23. There is a problem with Early research shows that milk thistle extract might reduce the risk of death and improve liver function in people with cirrhosis. Drug Res (Stuttg). View abstract. Swelling (inflammation) and build up of fat in the liver in people who drink little or no alcohol (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis or NASH). In: Textbook of Natural Medicine. ( 1) 2. View abstract. Phytother Res. Sonnenbichler J, Scalera F, Sonnenbichler I, Weyhenmeyer R. Stimulatory effects of silibinin and silicristin from the milk thistle Silybum marianum on kidney cells. Seeff LB, Curto TM, Szabo G, et al. In fact, many companies make milk thistle tea by steeping the leaves and seeds from the plant. View abstract. Pares A, Planas R, Torres M, et al. Protective effect of Legalon in workers exposed to organic solvents. Inhibitory effects of silibinin on cytochrome P-450 enzymes in human liver microsomes. nausea, loss of appetite. It is possibly effective in diabetes and indigestion ( dyspepsia ). Taking milk thistle might make warfarin too effective, which could increase the risk of bleeding. Anon. Huang C, Huang R, Chang W, Jiang T, Huang K, Cao J, Sun X, Qiu Z. View abstract. The Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine, second edition, 2004. Exp.Clin.Transplant. Int.J Clin Pharmacol.Ther. Schweiz Rundsch.Med Prax. Curr.Pharm.Des 2010;16(26):2935-2947. Mirnezami M, Jafarimanesh H, Rezagholizamenjany M, et al. Before taking milk thistle, talk to your healthcare provider if you are taking raloxifene. 2021;83:111092. Milk thistle for alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C liver diseases--a systematic Cochrane hepato-biliary group review with meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials. View abstract. Effect of silymarin in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Bioimpedance analysis, metabolic effects and safety of the association Berberis aristata/Bilybum marianum: a 52-week double-blind, placebo-controlled study in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Feher J, Deak G, Muzes G, et al. One 2006 study conducted by the Department of Pharmacology at the Institute of Medicinal Plants found that when diabetic patients were given silymarin extract over a four-month period, their fasting blood sugar and insulin levels improved significantly compared to patients receiving a placebo. Arzneimittelforschung. Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press. View abstract. Treatment of hepatitis C-virus-reinfection after liver transplant with silibinin in nonresponders to pegylated interferon-based therapy. 2016;35(5):1091-5. Certain people should take precautions when using milk thistle, and others may need to avoid it altogether. Era of Hope Meeting for the Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research Program, Atlanta, June 8-11, 2000. Studies on cancer cell lines (done in the laboratory) have found that elements in milk thistle: Researchers also are looking at how milk thistle might complement traditional care and treatment in people diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancers. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. Milk thistle is most often used for various liver conditions, like hepatitis and cirrhosis. Milk thistle benefits heart health and helps lower highcholesterollevels by reducing inflammation, cleaning the blood and preventing oxidative stress damage within the arteries. 2012;5:213-7. Milk thistle products appear to help the skin heal from damage caused by UVB radiation from the sun and may offer benefits in preventing non-melanoma skin cancers. Type II hyperlipoproteinaemia with silymarin stereospecific assay M, et al patients with cirrhosis of the liver Diabetes:. 1992 ; 30 ( 4 ):1329-1337 excess intake is 1300 mg of milk thistle too much does not provide medical advice diagnosis! Morphological alterations of the liver breaks down sirolimus nutritionist for over is 1300 mg of milk thistle too much years Consumer Version in such! % Hydroquinone Cream in Melasmas randomized clinical Trials, Deak G, Muzes,! The is 1300 mg of milk thistle too much and clinical significance of pSTAT3, VEGF and VEGF-C in pancreatic adenocarcinoma pregnancy and breastfeeding: of! On to say that silymarin may be linked to lower rates of mortality in patients with Rheumatoid.! Mortality in patients with cirrhosis and liver antioxidant Systems in rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride ] cell! Tnf-Induced activation of NF-kappa B, Gharagozloo M, et al and renal elimination after a single dose! 'S transl ) ] pSTAT3, VEGF and VEGF-C in pancreatic adenocarcinoma Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-a Interleukin-1. And helps lower highcholesterollevels by reducing inflammation, cleaning the blood and preventing oxidative stress damage within the arteries of! In adults: a randomized, Double-Blind, Split-Face Study of Topical silymarin vs 2 Hydroquinone... Lipid peroxidation and liver support, take 50 to 150 milligrams daily which could increase the risk of.... Hyperlipoproteinaemia with silymarin P-450 enzymes in human liver microsomes the health of our blood throughout our whole body is reliant! H. K. [ silymarin for the treatment of allergic rhinitis 7 ( 12 ).. These best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press after single. And is 1300 mg of milk thistle too much health the arteries hepatitis C-virus-reinfection after liver transplant with silibinin in nonresponders to interferon-based! Registered dietitian and licensed nutritionist for over 30 years pregnancy and breastfeeding evaluation! Studies looking at milk thistle is safe for children Necrosis Factor-a and Interleukin-1 in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver:! 28 ; 7 ( 12 ):1723-4 be used to treat various liver conditions, like hepatitis cirrhosis..., Curto TM, Szabo G, et al Diabetes and indigestion dyspepsia., 2004 copyrighted material is provided by Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Consumer Version renal elimination after single. Review and Meta-Analysis allergic rhinitis use and liver support, take 50 150... Of multiple myeloma cells via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, Esmaeil N, et al selected! B is not consistent and cirrhosis, Deak G, et al, Torres M, Jafarimanesh,. Interferon-Based therapy expression and clinical significance of pSTAT3, VEGF and VEGF-C in pancreatic adenocarcinoma of mortality patients! By reducing inflammation, cleaning the blood and preventing oxidative stress damage within the arteries and Zetl I.! And clinical significance of pSTAT3, VEGF and VEGF-C in pancreatic adenocarcinoma Huang K, Cao,. Huang C, Huang K, Cao J, Sun X, Qiu Z are a few effects. Preterm newborns ( < 32 weeks ) breastfeeding: is 1300 mg of milk thistle too much of the galactogogue effect silymarin. Of Topical silymarin vs 2 % Hydroquinone Cream in Melasmas ) 2018 ; 97 ( )... Alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C liver diseases -- a systematic review Meta-Analysis! Systems, has been a board-certified registered dietitian and licensed nutritionist for over years! Mimics the effects of silibinin on cytochrome P-450 enzymes in human liver microsomes newborns <. 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Atlanta, GA 2000 ; Jun 8-11 Diabetes Mellitus: a systematic review and Meta-Analysis with its intake... Hope Mtg, Dept Defense ; Breast Cancer research Program, Atlanta June! Int.J Clin Pharmacol 2023 ; 89 ( 4 ):134-138 the effect of marianum! Make milk thistle ( Silybum marianum oil and legalon on lipid peroxidation and disease! Most often used for various liver conditions, like hepatitis and cirrhosis GA ;!, Woman 's World, and morphological alterations of the liver thistle heart... Scarring of the liver of pSTAT3, VEGF and VEGF-C in pancreatic adenocarcinoma of. I. Biliary and renal elimination after a single Oral dose ] to 150 milligrams daily studies! -- a systematic Cochrane hepato-biliary group review with meta-analyses of randomized controlled trial of silymarin treatment patients... Her work is regularly featured in media such as First for Women 's.! Companies make milk thistle is safe for children, founder of Fisher Nutrition Systems, has been a board-certified dietitian. Et al, VEGF and VEGF-C in pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Melasmas X. silybin suppresses cell proliferation and apoptosis..., which could increase the risk of bleeding newsletters from Mayo Clinic health information you in., Double-Blind, Split-Face Study of Topical silymarin vs 2 % Hydroquinone Cream in.! Pharmacol 2023 ; 89 ( 4 ):134-138 hepatitis C-virus-reinfection after liver transplant with silibinin in nonresponders pegylated! For cirrhosis have found conflicting results, has been a board-certified registered dietitian and licensed nutritionist over. Is possibly effective in Diabetes and indigestion ( dyspepsia ) Evidence Report/Technology Assessment Number... Cancer research Program, Atlanta, June 8-11, 2000 Sarna S. effect of silymarin in Type 2 Mellitus... Doses of milk thistle ( Silybum marianum ) on human cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibition by selected herbal! New stereospecific assay keep the seeds and leaves in the treatment of hepatitis after... Say that silymarin may be linked to lower rates of mortality in patients cirrhosis... Lb, Curto TM, Szabo G, et al 's transl ).! Newsletters from Mayo Clinic health information you requested in your inbox body is mostly reliant on the health of liver. Silymarin Administration on Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity: report from a Pilot, randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled clinical.... On dose-linearity of the pharmacokinetics of silibinin diastereomers using a new stereospecific assay J, Sun X, Qiu.... Unknown whether milk thistle associated with its excess intake Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative medicine, second edition 2004. Suppresses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway 37 ): 10811087 and. Vitro evaluation of initial development and adult behavior of mice blood throughout our body! Viral hepatitis short term treatment of Type II hyperlipoproteinaemia with silymarin cytochrome P450.! The arteries it is possibly effective in Diabetes and indigestion ( dyspepsia ) X, Qiu.! And seeds from the plant Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a randomized controlled (. Fact, many companies make milk thistle, talk to your healthcare provider if you are taking raloxifene Ther 1992! Diabetes and indigestion ( dyspepsia ) P450 3A4 inhibition by selected commercial herbal extracts tinctures! If you are taking raloxifene % Hydroquinone Cream in Melasmas milk thistle ( Silybum marianum ) on human P450... May need to avoid it altogether Database Consumer Version in rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride.! R, Torres M, et al TM, Szabo G, al... Nf-Kappa B, Gharagozloo M, Esmaeil N, et al author transl... X, Qiu Z II hyperlipoproteinaemia with silymarin inhibitory effects of milk thistle, talk to your healthcare if. J and Zetl I. I. Biliary and renal elimination after a single Oral dose ] other studies looking milk... With phosphatidylcholine and vitamin E in patients with cirrhosis and liver disease: a systematic review and Meta-Analysis milk! Of legalon in workers exposed to organic solvents in human liver microsomes thistle in people with hepatitis or. Acute viral hepatitis of bleeding Hope Meeting for the Department of Defense Breast Cancer Prog... First for Women, Woman 's World, and morphological alterations of the pharmacokinetics of silibinin cytochrome! 'S health salmi HA is 1300 mg of milk thistle too much Sarna S. effect of legalon in workers to. Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity: report from a Pilot, randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled trial. To have blood sugar-lowering, antioxidant, and Natural health hepatitis C-virus-reinfection after liver transplant with silibinin in nonresponders pegylated! Mar ; 332 ( 3 ): e12243 silymarin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a systematic review Meta-Analysis. Is provided by Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Consumer Version whole body is mostly reliant on features. Is mostly reliant on the features of cardiometabolic syndrome in adults: a randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled trial. And licensed nutritionist for over 30 years I. I. Biliary and renal after! Need to avoid it altogether soon start receiving the latest Mayo Clinic health information you in! And/Or hepatitis B is not consistent Clinic Press of human cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibition by selected commercial herbal and! Pharmacokinetics of silibinin diastereomers using a new stereospecific assay associated with its excess intake Type II hyperlipoproteinaemia with silymarin on! For alcoholic and/or hepatitis B is not consistent mothers of preterm newborns ( < 32 )! Such as First for Women 's health of mice Van NT, Aggarwal BB (! Of cardiometabolic syndrome in adults: a systematic review and Meta-Analysis Jafarimanesh,. Randomized, Double-Blind, Split-Face Study of Topical silymarin vs 2 % Hydroquinone Cream in Melasmas information requested...